Pope Leo XIV left Rome's Gemelli University Hospital on Saturday and returned to the Vatican, four days after surgery to remove the lower lobe of his right lung.
The 71-year-old walked unaided to the car waiting for him and stopped to speak with well-wishers outside the hospital. Asked how he was feeling, he replied: "Much better."
The operation on Tuesday lasted about 90 minutes and confirmed adenocarcinoma, the most common form of lung cancer, the Vatican said. Doctors said blood tests and a chest X-ray showed steady improvement. Results of further tests to check whether the cancer has spread have not yet been announced.
Leo is due to give the traditional Angelus prayer and blessing in St Peter's Square on Sunday, his first public appearance since the surgery. His schedule had been cleared until 20 October, making the quick return to public view a surprise.
While in hospital, the pope spoke by phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin on Friday, their first call since June 2025. The Vatican said he pressed for dialogue and peace. He also called for a humanitarian ceasefire in Oleshkiy, the Russian-occupied Ukrainian city under constant shelling, so that residents could be evacuated and food and medicine delivered.
Leo is the first pope born in the United States. He is from Chicago but spent decades in South America and holds Peruvian citizenship. A trip to Latin America is planned for early November, including a visit to Peru, and it is not yet clear whether he will be fit to make the journey.
The Vatican has not said when he will resume a full schedule, and his doctors have indicated that his recovery will be watched closely in the coming weeks.


